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Braga Cathedral — Braga, PT

Braga Cathedral, consecrated in 1089, is the oldest cathedral in Portugal; its see, continuous since Roman times, governed the whole northwest of the peninsula, and the archbishops of Braga disputed the title of Primate of the Spains with Toledo. Gothic, Manueline, and Baroque layers sit on a Romanesque frame, and inside lie Count Henry and Teresa, parents of Portugal's first king. Braga was the capital of Roman Gallaecia from the fourth century and a centre of theological dispute; the councils of Braga in the sixth century dealt with the Priscillianist heresy. The cathedral still uses the Bragan Rite, a form distinct from the Roman, surviving under the exception that rites older than two hundred years could continue after the Council of Trent. The treasury holds a tenth-century ivory casket and medieval reliquaries, and the city is called the Rome of Portugal for its many churches.